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四类比例和转化链三十多年来,围绕着如何提高我国科学技术的经济效益,我们进行了反复的讨论和多次政策的调整。但迄今为止,它仍然是困扰着我国经济和科技发展的一个难题。有一种观念认为,科技成果是否能转化为经济效益,主要与基础研究、应用研究、发展和生产应用这四个部类的比例是否妥当密切相关。每当科学技术对经济发展没有起到预期的影响时,常用的办法是大幅度地改变四个部类的投入,比如减少基础研究投入比重,扩大发展和生产应用投入规模,使投资结构发生变化。然而这种转移非但没有获得应有的经济效益,相反基础研究却被置于可有可无的地位,这时恢复和加强基础研究的呼声就不断加强,刚刚调整过的格局又
Four Types of Proportions and Transformation Chains Over the past 30 years or so, we have held repeated discussions and adjusted many policies around how to improve the economic benefits of science and technology in our country. But so far it remains a dilemma that plagued our economy and technological development. There is a perception that whether scientific and technological achievements can be converted into economic benefits is mainly closely related to the appropriateness of the proportions of the four sub-sectors of basic research, applied research, development and production and application. Whenever science and technology do not have the expected impact on economic development, the common approach is to dramatically change the investment in the four sectors, such as reducing the proportion of basic research investment, expanding the scale of investment in development and production and making the investment structure change . However, not only has this transfer not been able to obtain the due economic benefits, on the contrary, the basic research has been placed in a dispensable position. At this time, the voice of restoring and strengthening basic research has been continuously strengthened. The newly adjusted pattern