对于无热惊厥的患儿,除多考虑为低钙惊厥外,如无诱因及明显的体征均作脑电圈协助诊断,多考虑为原发性癫痫。对17年来儿科门诊癫痫患儿进行治疗观察,有6例在随访过程中明确了诊断。分析其误诊原因为:①应熟悉引起小儿症状性癫痫的疾病,在小儿时期特别要注意某些遗传性代谢病及某些能引起脑缺氧、脑水肿、高颅压和血压增高的心脏和血管疾病。当这些原发病的其他症状和体征尚不明显时,常易忽略原发病的诊断。6例误诊病例中有3例为先天性心血管畸形所致的发作性惊厥。此外,小儿时期病态窦房结综合征、家族性Q-T间期延长综合征等,也可引起惊厥发作。②小儿脑电图正常与异常的标准有较大的差异,即使年龄相同,还可有明显的个体差 For children without febrile seizures, in addition to consider as hypocalceous convulsions, such as no incentive and obvious signs are assisted by the EEG diagnosis, more consideration for the primary epilepsy. In 17 years pediatric outpatient epilepsy treatment in children, 6 cases in the follow-up process to confirm the diagnosis. Analysis of the reasons for misdiagnosis: ① should be familiar with the disease caused by children with symptomatic epilepsy, especially in early childhood to pay attention to certain hereditary metabolic diseases and some can cause cerebral hypoxia, cerebral edema, high intracranial pressure and blood pressure increased heart and Vascular disease. When other symptoms and signs of these primary disease is not obvious, the diagnosis of the primary disease is often overlooked. Three of the six misdiagnosed cases were seizures caused by congenital cardiovascular malformations. In addition, sick children during sinoatrial syndrome, familial Q-T prolongation syndrome, etc., can also cause seizures. ② normal and abnormal EEG in children have greater differences in the standard, even if the same age, there may be significant individual differences