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近年来,许多报道认为,腭裂儿早期手术可引起颌面畸形和咬合异常,提倡出生后早期安装Hotz型腭垫,诱导颌骨发育,然后再作腭修复术。其结果不仅能满足颌发育,而且语言也能得到改善。为了解Hotz型腭垫诱导颌骨发育的效果,作者对上颌牙槽模型进行了研究。 研究对象和方法 单侧唇腭裂患儿,出生后即安装Hotz型腭垫,硬腭关闭术后满6岁7个月以上者36例为对象(UCLP组)。男22例,女14例,左侧26例,右侧10例。初诊时平均年龄20.5(1～82)d,Hotz型腭垫安装年龄平均生后24.2(2～89)d。行唇修复术时间平均为6.5个月,软腭修复术平均为18.6个月,硬腭闭锁时年龄平均为6岁。于初诊时和1～7岁,每年出生日1个月前后,分别取上颌牙槽模型(214个)。2～7岁健康儿15例(87个模型)作对照。 上颌前后径及牙间宽度各年龄期变化,以左右上颌结节点和切牙乳头3点作为标准平面,摄影制成照片。
In recent years, many reports suggest that the early operation of cleft palate may cause maxillofacial deformity and occlusion abnormalities. It is advocated to install Hotz-type palate pad in the early postnatal period to induce the development of jawbone and then repair the palate. The result not only satisfies jaw development but also improves language. To understand the effect of Hotz-type palatal pads on jaw development, the authors studied the maxillary alveolar model. Participants and Methods Unilateral cleft lip and palate children, Hotz-type palatal pad was installed after birth, 36 patients aged 6 years and over 7 months after the closure of the palate (object group UCLP). There were 22 males and 14 females, 26 on the left and 10 on the right. The mean age at first visit was 20.5 (range, 1 to 82) days. Hotz type palatal pads were installed at a mean of 24.2 (2-89) days after birth. The mean time of lip repair was 6.5 months, the average number of soft palate repair was 18.6 months, and the average age of hard palatine latch was 6 years old. At the time of first visit and 1 to 7 years old, one month before the birth date each year, the maxillary alveolar model (214) was taken. 15 healthy children aged 2 ~ 7 years old (87 models) as control. Maxillary anteroposterior diameter and interdental width of each age changes to the left and right maxillary nodes and incisor nipple 3 as a standard plane, photographs made of photos.