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目的：研究p53蛋白在食管鳞癌中的表达，以及在食管鳞癌的发生、发展中所起的作用及其与预后的关系。方法：应用免疫组化LSAB法检测181例食管鳞癌组织、30例出现转移性食管鳞癌的淋巴结及10例正常食管粘膜组织。结果：10例正常食管粘膜未发现p53表达，181例食管鳞癌p53阳性率为47％；P53阳性病例癌旁非典型增生上度出现p53表达，而p53阴性病例癌旁非典型增生上皮亦为p53阴性。30例原发部位及淋巴结出现转移食管鳞癌配对标本中，同一病人两个部位肿瘤p53表达特点相似。p53阳性表达率与患者年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、组织学分级、临床TNM分期及患者术后生存无关。结论：p53基因突变发生在食管鳞状上皮癌变的早期,在食管鳞癌发生过程中起着重要作用。p53蛋白表达不太适宜于作为食管鳞癌的预后指标。
Objective: To study the expression of p53 protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its role in the occurrence and development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its relationship with prognosis. METHODS: 181 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, 30 cases of metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and 10 cases of normal esophageal mucosa were examined by immunohistochemistry. Results: The expression of p53 was not found in 10 cases of normal esophageal mucosa, and the positive rate of p53 was 47% in 181 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The expression of p53 was found in paratumor atypical hyperplasia in P53-positive cases. The p53-negative case was also found to be atypical hyperplasia of epithelium. P53 negative. In 30 pairs of primary sites and lymph nodes with metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, p53 expression was similar in both sites of the same patient. The positive expression rate of p53 was not related to age, gender, tumor size, histological grade, clinical TNM stage, and postoperative survival. CONCLUSION: The p53 gene mutation occurs early in the carcinogenesis of esophageal squamous epithelium and plays an important role in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The expression of p53 protein is not suitable as a prognostic indicator of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.