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目的了解麻疹实验室监测的状况,分析其监测结果,为控制麻疹流行提供依据。方法对2004~2005年从淮北市3区1县收集到的458份疑似麻疹病例的血清标本检测麻疹IgM抗体,并结合其各案调查资料进行分析。结果实验室确诊麻疹病例为274例,有如下特点:75.55%的病例发生在4~6月,82.12%的病例年龄<15岁,70.80%的病例无免疫史和免疫史不详。咳嗽、卡他性鼻炎、结膜充血这3种症状同时出现或只出现1种的,实验室确诊病例高于非确诊病例。发病4~7d后采血麻疹IgM抗体检出率高于≤3d。结论麻疹发病有年龄高移现象,但仍以儿童为主。根据麻疹现阶段流行特点,应加强实验室诊断工作。
Objective To understand the status of measles laboratory surveillance and analyze its monitoring results to provide basis for controlling the epidemic of measles. Methods Serum samples of 458 suspected measles cases collected from 1 counties in 3 districts and districts of Huaibei City from 2004 to 2005 were tested for IgM antibodies against measles and the data of each case were analyzed. Results There were 274 measles cases confirmed in the laboratory, with the following characteristics: 75.55% of cases occurred in 4 ~ June, 82.12% of cases were less than 15 years old, 70.80% of cases had no history of immunization and no history of immunization. Cough, catarrhal rhinitis, conjunctival hyperemia these three kinds of symptoms occur simultaneously or only one, laboratory confirmed cases higher than non-confirmed cases. The incidence of measles IgM antibody detection after 4 ~ 7d was higher than ≤3d. Conclusion The incidence of measles is high, but children are still predominant. According to the prevalence of measles at this stage, laboratory diagnosis should be strengthened.