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晚清中国通过翻译《万国公法》,产生了约束和规范国际关系的新概念——“万国公法”。对于这一构建世界新秩序(具体说是中国如何处理与列强之间的关系)的新概念,晚清士大夫一方面立足于正义和道德将之合理化、正当化,但另一方面又以权力、强权为由对之保持戒心,甚至完全不信任。这两种矛盾的立场,既有历史和传统的根源,也有现实的背景。
In the late Qing Dynasty, by translating the “Universal Law of the People,” China created a new concept of restraint and normative international relations - “Universal Constitutional Law.” For this new concept of building a new world order (specifically, how China deals with its relations with the powers), Dr. Qing dynasty, on the one hand, rationalized and legitimized justice and morality on the one hand, and on the other hand, Forbearance on the grounds to keep wary, or even completely distrust. These two contradictory positions have both historical and traditional roots as well as a realistic background.