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恩格斯的《反杜林论》写于1876—1878年间。当时,由于马克思主义得到广泛传播,工人政党实现统一,对统治阶级形成了严重威胁。德国资产阶级一方面积极支持俾斯麦政府用暴力镇压无产阶级革命运动,另一方面.又大肆宣扬各种浅薄庸俗的折衷主义,抵制马克思主义的巨大影响。这时,一些小资产阶级知识分子,既接近社会主义,而又调和阶级矛盾,反对革命斗争。杜林就是一个典型的代表。他以社会主义改革家的面貌出现,宣扬资产阶级改良主义,反对辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义,散布庸俗经济学观点。杜林思想的泛滥直接危害
Engels's Anti-Duhring Theory was written in 1876-1878. At that time, due to the widespread dissemination of Marxism, the unification of the workers' political parties posed a grave threat to the ruling class. On the one hand, the German bourgeoisie actively supported Bismarck's government in using violence to suppress the proletarian revolutionary movement; on the other hand, it vigorously promoted various superficial and vulgar eclecticism and resisted the tremendous influence of Marxism. At this time, some petty-bourgeois intellectuals, while approaching socialism, reconcile the class contradictions and oppose the revolutionary struggle. Turin is a typical representative. He appeared as a socialist reformer, advocating bourgeois reformism, opposing dialectical materialism and historical materialism, and disseminating vulgar economics. The spread of the thought of Dole directly jeopardizes