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1型糖尿病(T1D)仍是一个危及公众健康的重要问题,尤其是在西方国家,年幼孩子的发病率在逐年上升。1986年,Eisenbarth就提出糖尿病是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病。在过去的35年中,科学家们已经发现了该病相关的许多遗传、免疫和环境因素,也对其发病机制提出了一些假说。进行了许多临床试验来证实相关假说,但所得结果十分混杂。在这里我们将讨论一些试验/实验发现,正是这些发现共同建立起了我们对T1D的认识,并探讨由这些试验/实验所推动的临床研究。这些临床前及临床研究均支持最初提出的T1D发病模型,但同时也显示出其复杂性——远比最初设想的要复杂,可能需要更广泛的治疗措施。
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is still an important issue that endangers public health, especially in Western countries, where the incidence of young children is on the rise. In 1986, Eisenbarth proposed that diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease. For the past 35 years, scientists have uncovered many of the genetic, immune and environmental factors associated with the disease and also made some hypotheses about its pathogenesis. Many clinical trials have been conducted to confirm the hypothesis, but the results are mixed. Here we will discuss some of the experimental / experimental findings that found that these findings together establish our understanding of T1D and explore clinical studies driven by these trials / experiments. These preclinical and clinical studies support the initial proposed T1D model but at the same time show its complexity - much more complex than originally thought and may require a broader range of treatment options.