在量子保密通信蓬勃发展的今天,基于自由空间的量子密钥分发是一个重要的研究方向。它将在未来全球量子通信网络中扮演重要的角色。介绍了自由空间量子密钥分发控制系统中的电子学设计,选用Xilinx公司的VirtexII-Pro系列芯片,使用内部的PowerPC405嵌入式硬核加上功能逻辑模块实现最终量子密钥的提取和外围电路的控制,提高了全系统的集成度和可靠性.该设计成功应用于白天1 km量子密钥分发实验,成码率大于1.5 kbps. Nowadays, with the development of quantum secure communications, quantum key distribution based on free space is an important research direction. It will play an important role in the future global quantum communication network. The design of electronics in free space quantum key distribution control system is introduced. VirtexII-Pro series chip of Xilinx company is selected. The internal PowerPC405 embedded hard core plus functional logic module is used to extract the final quantum key and the peripheral circuits Control to improve the system-wide integration and reliability.The design was successfully applied to 1 km quantum key distribution experiment at daytime, with a coding rate of more than 1.5 kbps.