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通常将萨普的表述作为对科学理论句法观的标准理解,但对比卡尔纳普的原始表述,表明萨普的表述中存在诸多误解:一是认为句法观仅限于以一阶语言来重构科学理论,未指出句法观已将类型论与数学都囊括于其基本演算中;二是未指明“经验定律”就是重构后的科学理论“公理系统”中的“定理”;三是对观察子演算及其形式语义的引入,误解了卡尔纳普在句法观中提出的经验语义解释及模型概念的本义。
Sap’s expression is usually understood as the standard of the scientific theory of the view of syntax, but compared with Carnap’s original expression, indicating that there are many misunderstandings in Sap’s expression: First, that the concept of syntax is limited to first-order language to reconstruct the science The theory does not point out that the concept of syntax has included both type theory and mathematics in its basic calculus. Second, the failure to specify “law of experience” is the “theorem” in the reconstructed scientific theory and “axiom system” Thirdly, it introduced the introduction of observing sub-calculus and its formal semantics and misunderstood the original meaning of Carnap’s empirical semantic explanation and model conception in the syntactic view.