经济体制改革的中心环节是增强企业,特别是国有大中型企业的活力。但是,国有企业在计划经济年代为维护“社会主义没有失业”这一违背规律的虚幻光环,形成数量庞大的冗员。改革以来,碍于种种原因,不仅对裁减企业冗员下不了壮士断腕的决心,而且为应付职工增加收入的压力还不得不耗尽企业资财,不得不放慢许多搞好企业的规范化的政策的出台,对“三改一加强”形成严重的阻碍,增大了改革成本,增加了国有企业的困难。为此,有必要进一步在理论上弄清加快国有企业裁员“消肿”对于搞好国有企业,体现社会主义优越性,促进社会安定,推动改革深化的重要作用。从经济角度看,国有企业裁员“消肿”是提高国有经济效益的必由之路。众所周知,生产的社会化和商品化要求资源配置优化,即使生产要素在质上相 The central aspect of the economic reform is to enhance the vitality of enterprises, especially large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises. However, in the era of planned economy, state-owned enterprises formed a huge number of redundant personnel in order to safeguard the unrealistic illusion of “socialism is not unemployed” that runs counter to the law. Since the reform, due to various reasons, not only can we not lay down the determination to cut down the redundant personnel but also have to exhaust the resources of enterprises in order to meet the pressure of increased income for workers and workers, we must slow down the introduction of many standardized policies for doing well in enterprises, This has seriously hindered the reform of the “three reforms and strengthened one” and increased the cost of reform, adding to the difficulties of state-owned enterprises. To this end, it is necessary to further clarify theoretically the important role of accelerating layoffs and “swelling” of state-owned enterprises for doing a good job of state-owned enterprises, embodying the superiority of socialism, promoting social stability and deepening reform. From an economic point of view, layoffs and “swelling” by state-owned enterprises are the only way to improve the efficiency of state-owned economy. It is well-known that the socialization and commercialization of production require optimization of resource allocation, even if the factors of production are qualitatively