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本文在原来杂化轨道理论的基础上,把轨道杂化和核外电子运动的变化结合起来考虑,提出了在等性杂化中,轨道杂化同时电子能量发生平均化。利用不等性杂化中,孤对电子的负电性比成键轨道中电子的负电性强,解释了不等性杂化键角问题。在使用杂化轨道理论解释一些简单分子结构时,发现一个规律:如果杂化后形成的分子,再与原来和杂化原子结合的原子或离子结合时,有孤对电子的中心原子可以给出孤对电子,不改变空间杂化轨道类型。若中心原子没有孤对电子,则改变空间杂化轨道类型。
Based on the original hybrid orbital theory, this paper combines the changes of orbital and extranuclear electron motion, and proposes that in the same hybrid, the electron energies of the orbital hybridization are averaged at the same time. In the case of unequal hybridization, the negative charge of the lone pair electrons is stronger than the negative charge of the electrons in the bond orbit, which explains the problem of unequal hybrid bond angle. In the use of hybrid orbital theory to explain some simple molecular structure, we found a law: If the hybrid formed after the molecule, and the original hybrid atoms and ions combined with the atom, the lone pair of electronic center atoms can be given Lone pair of electrons, does not change the space hybrid orbital type. If there is no lone pair of electrons in the central atom, the space hybrid orbit type is changed.