为了更好地研究长江口及邻近海域的水、沙、盐、水质等特点,许多学者引入了国外一些发展较为成熟且具有开放源代码的三维海洋数值模式。POM、ECOM、EFDC和FVCOM是在该海域应用较为广泛,研究成果较多的四种海洋模型,这些模型各具特色,具有不同的优势和适用方向。本文通过大量文献研究工作,力图总结这四种海洋模型的主要特点及其在长江口及邻近海域的典型应用,可为今后该海域数值模拟研究工作选择海洋模型提供参考。 In order to better study the characteristics of water, sand, salt and water in the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent areas, many scholars have introduced some mature and open-sourced three-dimensional ocean numerical models in foreign countries. POM, ECOM, EFDC and FVCOM are four kinds of ocean models that are widely used in this area and have more research results. These models have their own characteristics and different advantages and applicable directions. This paper through a large number of literature research, trying to summarize the main features of the four marine models and their typical applications in the Yangtze River estuary and adjacent waters, for the future numerical simulation of marine research to select the marine model to provide a reference.