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对波段实施组合运算是遥感数据分析中广泛使用的方法。但如何选择最佳波段,确定最佳波段组合则是波段组合分析中存在的两大关键问题。本文使用投影线与等值线的概念分析了在以两个波段的数值作为数轴的二维平面空间里各种波段算术组合(加、减、乘、除、平方和等五大种类)的几何特征,揭示出波段组合的内在机理。只要有工作区的少量地物类型的先验数据,根据它们的分布特征就能确定出应该使用何种组合。根据等值线是否能从非特征目标背景中最有效地区分出特征目标,得出最佳波段。再根据等值线在投影线上的相截区域是否能最有效地增强特征目标信息和抑制非特征目标信息确定出最佳波段组合。通过选择内蒙古地区TM磁带数据的应用分析,我们认为这是一种行之有效的方法。至于多于二个波段的组合机理尚待进一步分析研究。
Combining band operations is a widely used method for remote sensing data analysis. But how to choose the best band and determine the best band combination are the two key problems in the band combination analysis. In this paper, we use the concept of projection lines and contour lines to analyze the geometrical features of the arithmetic combinations (add, subtract, multiply, divide, square sum and so on) of various bands in the two-dimensional space with the numerical values of two bands as the axes , Reveals the internal mechanism of band combination. As long as there is a priori data for a small number of feature types in the work area, it is possible to determine which combination should be used based on their distribution characteristics. According to whether the isoline can distinguish the target from the non-characteristic target background most effectively, the best band can be obtained. Then the optimal band combination is determined according to whether the cross-sectional area of the contour line on the projection line can most effectively enhance the characteristic target information and suppress the non-characteristic target information. By selecting the application analysis of TM tape data in Inner Mongolia, we think this is an effective method. As for the combination mechanism of more than two bands needs further analysis and research.