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激光治疗的研究和临床应用缺少有效反馈指导,导致治疗效果高度不稳定,针对这一问题提出激光辐照与扫频光学相干层析成像(OCT)系统整合以实现组织光热作用过程中的实时监测。利用OCT的M模式成像,采集激光照射过程中皮肤样品同一位置随时间变化的干涉光谱信号,测量信号深度分辨复反射率,通过其幅度和相位变化分析来探测热效应诱导组织变形过程中光散射中心位置和轴向位移的变化,并基于OCT散射模型获取组织在激光辐照过程中光衰减系数变化信息,从而实时监测热损伤边界和损伤程度的演变。实验结果显示在一定的激光功率辐射下,随着激光作用时间的增长,组织出现热凝固坏死,热损伤边界单调下移,伴随损伤加重组织光衰减系数非线性增加。通过与光学显微、组织染色切片检测的对比分析进一步验证了该技术应用于精确监测和指导光热治疗的可行性。
The lack of effective feedback guidance in the research and clinical application of laser treatment led to the highly unstable treatment effect. In response to this problem, the combination of laser irradiation and swept-frequency optical coherence tomography (OCT) system was proposed to realize the real-time monitor. The OCT M-mode imaging was used to collect the interference spectral signal of the same position of the skin sample with time during the laser irradiation. The complex reflectivity of the signal depth was measured. The light scattering center during the heat-induced tissue deformation was detected by the amplitude and phase change analysis Position and axial displacement. Based on the OCT scattering model, the information of the optical attenuation coefficient of the tissue during the laser irradiation is obtained, which can be used to monitor the evolution of the thermal damage boundary and the damage degree in real time. Experimental results show that under certain laser power radiation, the tissue undergoes thermal coagulation necrosis as the laser action time increases, the boundary of the thermal damage monotonically moves downward, and the non-linear increase of the tissue light attenuation coefficient accompanying the damage increases. Through the comparison with optical microscopy and tissue staining, the feasibility of this technique for accurate monitoring and guidance of photothermal therapy was further verified.