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利用1997年-2013年重庆市旱灾、水灾、风雹灾和冷冻害受灾面积以及粮食单产、主要粮食作物和经济作物单产资料,分析了重庆市农业气象灾害的特点,并应用灰色关联分析法对重庆市主要气象灾害对粮食单产、主要粮食作物和经济作物单产的影响程度进行了分析,结果表明:1 1997年-2013年间重庆市农业气象灾害以旱灾和水灾为主,其次是冷冻害和风雹灾;从变化趋势来看,旱灾、水灾和风雹灾受面积呈下降趋势,冷冻害略有上升.2利用灰色关联分析法得出粮食单产与4种气象灾害的关联序由大到小依次为旱灾、风雹灾、水灾、冷冻害.3从农作物与气象灾害的关联趋势看,对主要粮食作物单产影响较大的气象灾害是旱灾、洪灾和风雹灾;主要经济作物与气象灾害的关联度差异较大,说明不同农作物抵抗灾害的能力不同,应采取有针对性的措施防灾减灾.
Based on the data of the area affected by drought, flood, wind and hail disaster and freezing damage from 1997 to 2013 and the yield per unit area of grain, staple food crops and economic crops in Chongqing, the characteristics of agricultural meteorological disasters in Chongqing were analyzed. The gray relational analysis The main meteorological disasters on grain yield, the main food crops and cash crops, the extent of the impact were analyzed, the results show that: 1 1997-2013 Chongqing agricultural meteorological disasters, mainly droughts and floods, followed by freezing damage and wind and hail; From the change trend, the area of drought disaster, flood and hail disaster declined, and the frost damage increased slightly.2 The relationship between grain yield and four kinds of meteorological disasters was found to be drought and wind Hailstorm, flood and freezing damage.3 According to the trend of crop and meteorological disasters, the meteorological disasters that have a great impact on the yields of major grain crops are droughts, floods and hailstorms; the correlation between major cash crops and meteorological disasters is quite different, indicating Different crops have different abilities to resist disasters, so they should take targeted measures to prevent and mitigate disasters.