一、概述 1.CMOS电路——八十年代的集成电路在半导体集成电路发展过程中,MOS电路与双极型电路一直在激烈竞争而又相互促进。对于MOS电路来说,主要的薄弱环节在于速度,CMOS电路就是MOS与双极型竞争的一种必然产物。七十年代大规模集成电路发展过程中,NMOS工艺成了“优选工艺”。微处理器、随机存取存贮器和只读存贮器等等大都采用NMOS工艺。到了七十年代后期,在NMOS工艺的基础上,CMOS工艺逐步完善,因而在速度、集成度和微功耗方面不断地创造新的纪 I. Overview 1.CMOS circuit - the eighties IC In the development of semiconductor integrated circuits, MOS circuits and bipolar circuits have been fierce competition but also promote each other. For the MOS circuit, the main weakness lies in the speed, and the CMOS circuit is an inevitable result of the competition between the MOS and the bipolar. During the development of large-scale integrated circuits in the 1970s, the NMOS process became the “preferred process.” Microprocessors, random access memory and read-only memory and so most of the NMOS process. By the late 1970s, based on the NMOS process, the CMOS process was gradually refined, thereby creating a new discipline in terms of speed, integration and micro-power consumption