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小粒菌核病是水稻的一种主要病害,早、晚稻均有发生,但以晚稻受害较重,一般减产1-3成。病害的发生和消长小粒菌核病是指小球菌核和小黑菌核两种病害,因其在田间同时混杂发生,发生规律也很相近,症状较难区别,所以统称小粒菌核病。在莆田、永泰和闽侯三县调查,两种菌核病的发生,以小球菌核病居多。在自然发病条件下,早稻插秧后约半个月、晚稻约12-13天开始出现病斑,发病部位都在稻株基部近水面的叶鞘上,初为单生小黑点或黑色线状短条,后成黑色大病斑。病斑先向叶鞘上下发展,再扩大联合,后期才侵入叶鞘内部,横向侵害较为缓慢,在水稻孕穗、抽穗阶段,先在病斑表面产生菌核,后期在腐烂的叶鞘间和茎秆组织内密生大量菌核。小球菌核病的菌核较大,约0.25毫米,圆形,黑色有光泽,表面光滑,
Small sclerotinia is a major disease of rice, early and late rice have occurred, but the late rice damage, the general reduction of 1-3%. Occurrence and depletion of disease Small sclerotinia sclerotiorum and small black sclerotial nuclear disease are two kinds of diseases, because of its hybrid in the field at the same time, the occurrence of the law is very similar to the symptoms more difficult to distinguish, so collectively referred to the small sclerotial disease. In Putian, Yongtai and Minhou three counties to investigate the occurrence of two sclerotinia, mostly to Sclerotinia scabies. In the natural condition, about half a month after the early rice transplanting, late rice about 12-13 days began to appear lesions, the incidence of parts of the rice plant near the surface of the base of the leaf sheath, the first single black dots or black short Article, after a large black spot. The lesion first developed up and down to the leaf sheath, and then expanded the joint, and later invaded the interior of the leaf sheath. The lateral invasion was relatively slow. During the booting and heading stages of rice, sclerotium was first produced on the surface of the lesion and later in the rotten leaf sheath and the stalk tissue Close to a large number of sclerotia. Sclerotinia sclerotioric bacteria larger, about 0.25 mm, round, black and shiny, smooth surface,