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目的了解北京市海淀区职业病危害基本情况,以指导今后的防治工作。方法对该区所有存在职业病危害的用人单位进行普查,调查内容包括用人单位的基本情况、从业和接害人员情况、职业病危害因素。结果海淀区存在职业病危害企业共247家,接害总人数为8 778人,占从业人数的14.6%。其中小型企业的从业人数所占比例最高,达18.0%。大型企业接害女工比例最高,达24.1%。接害人数占从业人数比例最高的是小型企业。接害人数居前3位的分别为国有企业、有限责任公司、股份有限公司。存在职业危害因素的以专用设备制造业、非金属矿物制品业通信设备、印刷业和记录媒介的复制等行业为主。结论该区职业病危害人群在不同规模、不同经济类型和不同行业的分布不一,并呈现出相应的特征与职业病危害特点,应据此开展相应的职业病防治工作。
Objective To understand the basic situation of occupational hazards in Haidian District, Beijing, so as to guide future prevention and treatment work. Methods All occupational hazards in the area were surveyed by employers. The investigation included the basic situation of employing units, the situation of employing and receiving personnel, and the factors causing occupational diseases. Results There were 247 occupational hazards in Haidian District, with a total number of 8,778, accounting for 14.6% of the total number of employees. Among them, SMEs have the highest proportion of employees, up 18.0%. The largest proportion of female workers was found in large enterprises, reaching 24.1%. Small businesses are the ones with the highest percentage of employees. The top three victims were state-owned enterprises, limited liability companies and joint-stock companies. Occupational hazards exist in specialized equipment manufacturing, non-metallic mineral products industry communications equipment, printing and recording media replication industries. Conclusion The population of occupational hazards in this area is not uniform in different scales, different economic types and different industries, and presents corresponding characteristics and characteristics of occupational hazards. Therefore, corresponding occupational disease prevention and control work should be carried out accordingly.