目的:观察黄芪注射液联合大鼠骨髓间质干细胞移植对大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤神经功能恢复的影响。方法:制作大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤动物模型。造模后3天治疗组脑局部注射经BrdU标记的rMSCs[(2.5～5)×105cell],或同时腹腔注射黄芪注射液(1.2mL/100g),对照组则仅注射黄芪注射液或脑局部注射PBS液。造模后24天(即移植后21天)行Morris水迷宫行为学试验检测大鼠学习、记忆能力,另取脑组织作HE染色和双标免疫组化。结果:Morris水迷宫试验中,rMSCs移植加黄芪组在各时间点的平均潜伏期均低于rMSCs移植组,除第1、6天外,其余均有显著性差异(P<0.05);穿越平台次数高于rMSCs移植组,但无显著性差异(P>0.05)。HE染色rMSCs移植加黄芪组较rMSCs移植组脑组织修复更明显。双标免疫组化显示rMSCs移植加黄芪组中GFAP、NSE阳性细胞数目均较rMSCs移植组显著增多(P<0.05)。结论:黄芪注射液能够在体内诱导rMSCs向神经细胞分化,同时具有协同rMSCs修复损伤脑组织,改善学习、记忆能力的作用。 Objective: To observe the effects of Astragalus injection combined with rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on neurological function after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in rats. Methods: Animal models of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in rats were made. The rats in the treatment group were injected with BrdU-labeled rMSCs [(2.5-5 × 105cell)] or intraperitoneal injection of Astragalus injection (1.2mL / 100g) 3 days after modeling. PBS solution was injected. Morphine Morris water maze behavior test was used to detect the learning and memory ability of rats 24 days after model establishment (ie, 21 days after transplantation). Brain tissue was taken for HE staining and double immunohistochemistry. Results: In the Morris water maze test, the average latency of rMSCs transplantation and astragalus group at each time point was lower than that of rMSCs transplantation group, except the first and the sixth days (P <0.05) In rMSCs transplantation group, but no significant difference (P> 0.05). HE staining rMSCs transplantation plus Astragalus than rMSCs transplantation group brain tissue repair more obvious. Double-labeled immunohistochemistry showed that the number of GFAP and NSE positive cells in rMSCs transplantation plus Astragalus group was significantly higher than that in rMSCs transplantation group (P <0.05). Conclusion: Astragalus injection can induce the differentiation of rMSCs to nerve cells in vivo, meanwhile, it can repair and injure the brain tissue with rMSCs and improve learning and memory abilities.