在历经改革35年后,中国现在到了必须为改革支付更多成本的时候。所谓成本,是指做一件事情或达成一定目标所投入的资源与资本,或造成的损失。就改革来说,一些学者曾把改革成本分解为实施成本、摩擦成本和适应成本。实施成本指的是实施改革而投入的资源,摩擦成本指的是既得利益集团反对和抵触改革造成的损失,适应成本指的是新体制确立后为适应新体制而付出的努力。 After 35 years of reform, China now has to pay more for the reform. The so-called cost, refers to one thing or to achieve a certain goal into the resources and capital, or caused losses. In terms of reform, some scholars have broken down the cost of reform into implementation costs, friction costs and adaptation costs. The cost of implementation refers to the resources invested in the implementation of the reform. Friction costs refer to the losses caused by the opposition and contravention of the vested interest groups. Adaptation costs refer to the efforts made to meet the new system after the new system is established.