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利奈唑胺为恶唑烷酮类抗生素,主要用于革兰阳性细菌引起的呼吸道和皮肤感染以及耐万古霉素肠球菌引起的感染。利奈唑胺的常见不良反应为腹泻、恶心、呕吐、头痛、皮疹等。利奈唑胺可致血小板减少,其危险因素为长时间治疗、高龄以及肾功能不全。利奈唑胺所致血小板减少的机制可能与骨髓抑制或免疫介导致血小板减少有关。防治血小板减少的措施:避免大剂量和长时间应用利奈唑胺;用药期间严密监测血小板水平;避免将利奈唑胺与抑制骨髓的药物联用;患者出现血小板减少应立即停药,严重患者可考虑输注血小板。
Linezolid is an oxazolidinone antibiotic, mainly used for respiratory and skin infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria and infections caused by vancomycin-resistant enterococci. The common adverse reactions to linezolid were diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, headache, rash and more. Linezolid can cause thrombocytopenia, the risk factors for prolonged treatment, advanced age and renal insufficiency. The mechanism of linezolid-induced thrombocytopenia may be related to myelosuppression or immune-mediated thrombocytopenia. Prevention and treatment of thrombocytopenia measures: to avoid high-dose and long-term use of linezolid; close monitoring of platelet levels during treatment; to avoid linezolid and inhibit bone marrow drugs; patients with thrombocytopenia should be discontinued immediately, severe patients can be considered Infusion of platelets.