运用有限元分析软件ANSYS,对25钢对接接头分别在20、200、400、600和800℃的热焊工艺条件下进行焊接残余应力场的数值模拟。通过单元生死技术模拟焊缝的填充过程,得到了其对接接头试板分别在该五种热焊工艺条件下焊接残余应力的大小及分布,并对计算结果进行了分析。结果表明:热焊工艺的加热温度越高,焊后产生的残余应力越小;残余应力降低的幅度在加热温度为400和600℃较明显。 The finite element analysis software ANSYS was used to simulate the welding residual stress field of 25 steel butt joints under the conditions of hot welding of 20, 200, 400, 600 and 800 ℃ respectively. Through the unit life and death technology to simulate the filling process of the weld, the size and distribution of the welding residual stress of the butt joint test plate under the five kinds of hot welding process conditions were obtained, and the calculation results were analyzed. The results show that the higher the heating temperature of the hot welding process, the smaller the residual stress produced after welding; the lower the magnitude of the residual stress is at the heating temperature of 400 and 600 ℃.