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缺血性心脏病指冠状动脉狭窄造成的心肌供氧和需氧之间不平衡而导致的心肌缺血症状,治疗方法主要包括药物治疗、介入治疗及手术治疗,它们能够改善心肌缺血症状。但是对于急慢性心肌梗死患者,上述治疗方法无法逆转已坏死的心肌,因而不能有效改善心脏功能,表现为患者反复发生心力衰竭。其病理生理机制是心肌细胞减少,坏死,凋亡,心肌纤维化和心肌瘢痕形成。如何促进缺血坏死区心肌细胞再生,防止心室重构,已成为缺血性心脏病治疗的关键。近年来,随着分子生物学和细胞生物工程技术的发展以及骨髓干细胞(marrow stem cell,MSC)研究的深入,人们试图通过移植技术将MSC移入受损的心肌组织中并使其增殖再生,以替代坏死心肌,改善心脏功能。本文对骨髓干细胞移植冶疗缺血性心脏病的进展作一综述。
Ischemic heart disease refers to myocardial ischemia caused by imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and aerobic supply due to coronary artery stenosis. The treatment methods mainly include medical treatment, interventional therapy and surgical treatment, and they can improve myocardial ischemia symptoms. However, in patients with acute and chronic myocardial infarction, the above treatment can not reverse the necrosis of the myocardium, which can not effectively improve cardiac function, manifested as recurrent heart failure patients. The pathophysiological mechanisms are cardiomyocyte reduction, necrosis, apoptosis, myocardial fibrosis and myocardial scar formation. How to promote myocardial regeneration in ischemic necrosis area and prevent ventricular remodeling has become the key to the treatment of ischemic heart disease. In recent years, along with the development of molecular biology and cell biology engineering technology and the research of marrow stem cells (MSC), people try to transplant MSC into damaged myocardial tissue and regenerate it by Replace necrotic myocardium, improve heart function. This article reviews the progress of bone marrow stem cell transplantation in the treatment of ischemic heart disease.