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人类感染HBV后,病毒持续6个月仍未被清除者称为慢性HBV感染。感染时的年龄是影响慢性化的最主要因素。在围生期和婴幼儿时期感染HBV者中,分别有90%和25%～30%将发展成慢性感染,在青少年和成人期感染HBV者中,仅5%～10%发展成慢性。这些患者可有肝炎反复发作。慢性乙型肝炎患者中,肝硬化失代偿的年发生率约3%,5
After human infection with HBV, the virus has not been cleared for 6 months and is called chronic HBV infection. The age at infection is the most important factor affecting chronicity. During the perinatal period and in infants and young children infected with HBV, respectively, 90% and 25% to 30% will develop chronic infection, in adolescents and adults infected with HBV, only 5% to 10% of the development of chronic. These patients may have recurrent hepatitis. Chronic hepatitis B patients, the annual incidence of cirrhosis decompensation of about 3%, 5