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为改良滨海盐碱地土壤性状,保证作物良好生长发育,拟通过调控土壤的化学性状(添加腐植酸)、土壤的生物学性状(添加蚯蚓粪、蚯蚓蛋白菌肥)进行盐碱地的改良,采用盆栽试验方法,以玉米为试验材料,做了相关研究。结果表明添加腐植酸、或蚯蚓粪、或菌肥3种物料相对于单施化学肥料都能不同程度地增加玉米幼苗地上部和地下部的生物量及对养分的吸收量,但降低了土壤脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性;添加腐植酸或蚯蚓粪2个处理的玉米地下部生物量都与单施化学肥料处理分别增加了24.2%和18.2%(P<0.05);添加菌肥处理可增加土壤速效养分含量,使碱化度和pH分别下降了9.5%和1.1%(P<0.05);添加蚯蚓粪处理使土壤CEC含量增加了3.2%,且能降低土壤中全盐含量;添加腐植酸使有机质提高了4.3%,并降低pH(P<0.05);添加菌肥或蚯蚓粪处理可显著增加土壤中的微生物量碳和微生物量氮的含量(P<0.05);添加腐植酸、或蚯蚓粪、或菌肥处理的土壤脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性都低于单施化学肥料处理。因此,在滨海盐碱地上施用化学肥料添加腐植酸、或蚯蚓粪、或菌肥能够改善土壤的性状,促进作物的生长。
In order to improve the soil properties of coastal saline-alkali soil and ensure the good growth of crops, it is proposed to improve the saline-alkali soil by controlling the chemical properties of the soil (adding humic acid) and the biological characteristics of the soil (adding vermicompost and earthworm protein fertilizer) , Corn as the test material, made the relevant research. The results showed that the addition of humic acid or vermicompost or bacterial fertilizer could increase the biomass and nutrient uptake of aerial and subsurface maize seedlings to a certain extent relative to the single application of chemical fertilizers, but decreased the soil urease And alkaline phosphatase activities. The underground biomass of two maize treated with humic acid or vermicompost increased by 24.2% and 18.2% (P <0.05), respectively, compared with the single application of chemical fertilizers (P <0.05) The available nutrient content decreased the alkalization degree and pH by 9.5% and 1.1%, respectively (P <0.05). Adding vermicompost increased the soil CEC content by 3.2% and decreased the total salt content in the soil. Adding humic acid Organic matter increased by 4.3% and decreased pH (P <0.05). Adding microbial fertilizer or vermicompost could significantly increase soil microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen (P <0.05); addition of humic acid or vermicompost , Or the soil urease and alkaline phosphatase activities of the soil treated with bacterium fertilizer were lower than that of chemical fertilizer only. Therefore, the application of chemical fertilizers in coastal saline-alkali soil to add humic acid, or vermicompost, or bacterial fertilizer can improve soil properties and promote crop growth.