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1993年,国务院提出在上世纪90年代基本普及九年义务教育的地区,应以发展初中后职业教育(以下简称中职)为重点。现在的中职和高中录取比例被确定为以1:1录取为目标,但在高考扩招、而初中毕业生又减少的大背景之下,中职学校出现了生源不足、生源素质下降等问题,连同教师职业倦怠、毕业生就业困境、教师更新迟缓、教学跟不上新产业新技术发展等问题成为中职改革的新课题。
In 1993, the State Council proposed that basic nine-year compulsory education be popularized in the 1990s should be focused on the development of post-secondary vocational education (hereinafter referred to as secondary vocational education). The current enrollment ratio for secondary vocational schools and high schools has been set as the goal of 1: 1 admission. However, with the expansion of college entrance examination and the gradual decrease of junior high school graduates, there are problems in secondary vocational schools such as insufficient student resources and declining quality of students. Along with teachers’ job burnout, the employment difficulties of graduates, the slow update of teachers and the failure of teaching to keep up with the development of new technologies in new industries, it has become a new topic of secondary vocational education reform.