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免疫检查点是一类免疫抑制性分子,通过调节免疫反应的强度和广度,从而避免正常组织的损伤和破坏。近年来研究发现肿瘤细胞可通过激活免疫检查点活性,从而逃避免疫系统的监视。免疫检查点抑制剂则通过拮抗免疫检查点蛋白,促进T细胞活化,进而产生抗肿瘤免疫效应。免疫检查点抑制剂在多种实体瘤的治疗方面已显示出良好的疗效。在淋巴瘤的治疗领域,虽然尚处于起步阶段,检查点抑制剂亦显示出良好的疗效及安全性。本文主要总结免疫检查点蛋白细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原-4(cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4,CTLA-4)、程序性死亡受体-1(programmed death-1,PD-1)及其程序性死亡受体配体-1(programmed death ligand 1,PD-L1)的生物学活性,并介绍相应抗体药物在淋巴瘤研究中的进展。
Immune checkpoints are a class of immunosuppressive molecules that prevent damage and destruction of normal tissues by modulating the intensity and breadth of the immune response. In recent years, studies have found that tumor cells can evade immune system surveillance by activating immune checkpoint activity. Immune checkpoint inhibitors by antagonizing the immune checkpoint protein, promote T cell activation, resulting in anti-tumor immune effect. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown good efficacy in the treatment of a variety of solid tumors. In the treatment of lymphoma, although still in its infancy, checkpoint inhibitors also showed good efficacy and safety. This article mainly summarizes the immunological checkpoint protein cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its program To investigate the biological activity of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and to introduce the progress of corresponding antibody drugs in the study of lymphoma.