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目的分析黄山市2007～2013年麻疹流行特征,探讨控制和消除麻疹的策略。方法应用描述流行病学方法对黄山市2007～2013年麻疹发病资料和消除麻疹策略进行分析。结果黄山市2007～2013年麻疹年平均发病率为1.37/10万,2008年最高,为2.72/10万。2009年初始强化免疫后,2010年比2009年麻疹发病下降了77.14%。2010年、2011年再次开展强化免疫,2012年麻疹发病下降到历史最低,为0.47/10万。发病季节高峰仍为3～5月份。发病人群以≥15岁为主,占总发病数64.14%,且有上升趋势。结论实施含麻疹成分疫苗(MCV)强化免疫(SIA)工作能迅速将麻疹发病率降低到一个较低水平,但要最终消除麻疹并巩固消除成果,必须在做好常规免疫接种工作前提下,尽快开展成人麻疹控制和相关策略研究。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Huangshan from 2007 to 2013 and to explore strategies for controlling and eliminating measles. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence of measles and measles eradication in Huangshan from 2007 to 2013. Results The average annual incidence of measles in Huangshan from 2007 to 2013 was 1.37 / 100000, the highest in 2008 was 2.72 / 100000. After the initial boost in 2009, the incidence of measles in 2010 was 77.14% lower than in 2009. In 2010 and again in 2011, intensive immunization was carried out. In 2012, the incidence of measles dropped to the lowest level at 0.47 / 100,000. The season peak is still 3 to May. The incidence of patients with ≥ 15 years of age, accounting for 64.14% of the total number of cases, and there is an upward trend. CONCLUSIONS: Implementing measles-containing vaccine (MCV) intensive immunization (SIA) work quickly reduces measles morbidity to a lower level, but to eventually eliminate measles and consolidate its elimination, routine immunization must be performed as soon as possible Conduct adult measles control and related strategies.