联合国关注并着手处理土著问题已40多年。联合国官方文件中的核心概念及对应词语“indigenous peoples”至少有“土著人民”和“土著民族”两个汉译名在同时并用。此外,在我国学术界以至一般媒体中,还存在着“土著”与“原住民”的混用现象。本文从语源、使用者范围、指涉范围宽狭度三方面,对这两个语词予以简略语义辨析。 The United Nations has followed and started to deal with indigenous issues for more than 40 years. The core concepts and corresponding terms in the UN official documents are “indigenous peoples” with at least two Chinese translations of “indigenous people” and “indigenous peoples.” In addition, there is a mixture of “indigenous” and “indigenous people” in academia and even in the general media in our country. This essay briefly analyzes the two terms from the aspects of etymology, user range and referring scope.