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在中国历史上,佛、道教与儒家经学存在着密切关系。一方面,由于主流意识形态的地位,儒家经学在伦理道德和哲学领域都对佛、道教发生渗透;另一方面,佛、道教对儒家经学又发生了巨大的反作用,这种反作用既表现在宋明理学兴起时“四书”地位的凸显上,也反映于理学家们的学术经历和思想体系的构建中。中国传统文化极强的包容性及儒家经学典籍自身的宗教意涵为佛、道教与儒家经学的互动提供了良好的思想氛围和内在融通的可能性,传统的教育体制为佛、道教与儒家经学的互动提供了学术平台,来自政治层面的皇权支持为佛、道教与儒家经学的互动提供了重要的社会动力。在这种互动和交融的历史过程之中,中华民族文化形成和完善了包容大度、求同存异、和而不同的文化特质。这种兼容并包、强调多元文化和谐发展的思想特质在今天依然有不可忽略的借鉴意义。
In Chinese history, there is a close relationship between Buddhism and Taoism and Confucian classics. On the one hand, due to the status of the mainstream ideology, the Confucian classics has infiltrated Buddhism and Taoism both in ethics and philosophies; on the other hand, Buddhism and Taoism have also had a tremendous adverse effect on Confucian classics. This reaction is manifested both in Song At the rise of Neo-Confucianism, the prominent position of the Four Books is also reflected in the academic experience of the Neo-Confucianists and the construction of the ideological system. The extremely inclusive nature of Chinese traditional culture and the religious meaning of Confucian classics and classics themselves provide a good atmosphere of thought and possibility of internal integration for the interaction between Buddhism, Taoism and Confucian classics. The traditional education system is the combination of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucian classics Provide an academic platform for interaction, royal support from the political level provides an important social impetus to the interaction between Buddhism, Taoism and Confucian classics. In this historical process of interaction and integration, the Chinese nation has formed and perfected the cultural characteristics of tolerance, seeking common ground while reserving differences and different cultures. This kind of inclusiveness and harmony that emphasizes the harmonious development of multiculturalism still can not be ignored for reference today.