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结合原位中子小角度散射的实际要求,设计了一种整体结构简单、试样安装方便的U型悬臂式拉伸变形装置。该装置通过导向滑孔与移动滑杆间的耦合来确保实现单向拉伸变形;分别贴于试样平直部位与夹头圆柱部位的应变片组用于获取试样的应力-应变响应。分步拉伸试验表明,塑性变形过程中试样的应力松弛在停止加载后的前200 s最为显著,过后松弛较为缓慢。中子小角散射初步结果表明该装置能满足原位拉伸变形的要求,并在含氮奥氏体钢中纳米偏聚团对材料形变强化过程的影响机制研究中发挥着重要作用。
Combined with the actual requirements of small-angle scattering of in-situ neutrons, a U-shaped cantilever tensile deformation device with simple overall structure and convenient sample installation was designed. The device ensures the uniaxial tensile deformation through the coupling between the guide sliding hole and the moving slide bar. The strain gauge group affixed to the straight part of the specimen and the cylindrical part of the chuck respectively is used for obtaining the stress-strain response of the specimen. The stepwise tensile test shows that the stress relaxation during the plastic deformation is the most significant in the first 200 s after stopping the loading, and the relaxation is slower afterwards. The results of neutron small-angle scattering show that the device can meet the requirements of in-situ tensile deformation and play an important role in the study of the mechanism of nano-scale agglomeration in the process of the deformation strengthening of the material in nitrogen-containing austenitic steel.