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卵巢是雌性的主要生殖器官。它既能产生卵子又能分泌性激素。今天,我们对卵巢的结构、生理机能及其调节已经有了较为清晰的认识。但是,应该指出我们今天关于卵巢的知识是在将近2,000年的过程中,无数科学家辛勤劳动的成果。本文不准备对卵巢形态及机能的各个方面进行全面的阐述,只拟简单介绍近年有关卵巢的基础理论研究的某些新进展。一、卵母细胞成熟及其调节近年,由于在医学实践和家畜繁殖中采用了体外受精和胚胎移植技术,人们日益关注卵母细胞成熟及其调节的基础理论研究。卵母细胞的成熟分裂受到多种因素的调
Ovary is the female’s main reproductive organ. It produces both ovum and hormonal hormones. Today, we have a clearer understanding of the structure, physiology and regulation of the ovary. However, it should be pointed out that our knowledge of ovaries today is the result of the hard work of countless scientists for nearly 2,000 years. This article is not prepared to conduct a comprehensive exposition of all aspects of ovarian morphology and function, only to briefly introduce some new advances in recent years, the basic theory of ovarian research. I. Oocyte Maturation and Regulation In recent years, due to the use of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer in medical practice and livestock breeding, people are increasingly concerned with the basic theoretical research on oocyte maturation and regulation. Mature cleavage of oocytes is regulated by many factors