论文部分内容阅读
背景:跑步这项运动越来越受人欢迎,美国有超过5000万人参与。跑鞋的研究和科技日益进步,但并没有降低跑步者的整体受伤率。因此,越来越多的跑步者尝试回归到穿现代跑鞋之前的方式,即穿极简鞋或赤脚跑。有证据显示,赤脚跑可降低下肢力量和力矩,但并无确切数据显示其与损伤之间的相关性。本研究目的是检验影响赤脚跑步者运动表现和损伤相关的因素。方法:利用美国弗吉尼亚大学耐力运动中心创建的一份关于赤脚跑的10项问题调查问卷,并将其发表在各类跑步博客和脸书网上,对所有问卷中的回答进行百分比计算。共有509人填写问卷,超过93%受访者表示在每周的跑步计划中会安排某些形式的赤脚跑。结果:多数受访者(53%)认为赤脚跑是一种训练工具,能改善他们跑步中的某些方面。但也有近一半人(46%)认为赤脚跑训练能替代穿传统跑鞋完成他们的跑步记录。大部分跑步者尝试赤脚跑的原因是想要提高效率(60%)、尝试避免损伤(53%)和/或受最近有关赤脚跑的媒体炒作的影响(52%)。大多数受访者(68%)开始赤脚跑后都没有遭遇新的损伤。事实上有69%受访者在开始赤脚跑后先前的损伤也消失了。受访者称在开始赤脚跑训练后,先前膝盖(46%)、足部(19%)、踝关节(17%)、臀部(14%)和腰部(14%)等部位的损伤均持续好转。结论:先前研究发现,与穿传统跑鞋相比,赤脚跑能引起人体生物力学改变,这被认为能减少损伤。本研究对509名跑步者采取问卷调查,其结果显示参与调查的大多数跑者已从转变为赤脚跑或穿极简鞋跑中获益(或没有增加新的损伤)。
Background: Running is an increasingly popular sport with more than 50 million people participating in the United States. The research and technology of running shoes is improving day by day, but it does not reduce the overall injury rate of runners. As a result, more and more runners try to return to the way they used to wear modern running shoes, by wearing either minimalist shoes or barefoot running. There is evidence that barefoot running can reduce lower extremity strength and torque, but there is no conclusive evidence of its association with injury. The purpose of this study was to examine the factors that affect motor performance and injury in barefoot runners. METHODS: A questionnaire on 10 questions about barefoot running was created and published on various jogging blogs and Facebook pages using the University of Virginia endurance sports center, and the percentages of responses to all questionnaires were calculated. A total of 509 respondents completed the questionnaire, with more than 93% of respondents indicating that some forms of barefoot running would be scheduled in the weekly running program. Outcome: Most respondents (53%) consider barefoot running a training tool that improves some aspects of their running. However, nearly half (46%) believe that barefoot running training can replace traditional running shoes to complete their running records. The reason most runners try to run barefoot is to increase efficiency (60%), try to avoid damage (53%), and / or the impact (52%) of recent media hype about barefoot running. Most respondents (68%) did not experience new injuries after they started running barefoot. In fact, 69% of respondents lost their previous injuries after starting barefoot running. Respondents reported that injuries to the anterior knee (46%), foot (19%), ankle (17%), buttocks (14%) and waist (14%) continued to improve after barefoot running training . CONCLUSIONS: Previous studies have found that barefoot running causes biomechanical changes in humans compared to wearing traditional running shoes, which is thought to reduce damage. The study, which conducted a survey of 509 runners, showed that most of the runners surveyed benefited (or did not add new damage) from transitioning to barefoot or minimalist running.