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提高小麦产量是保障我国粮食安全的主要途径,干旱是影响小麦产量最主要因素。分析小麦抗旱相关性状的遗传机制及选育携有高产抗旱性状的小麦近等基因系可为选育高产品种提供基础。本研究以小麦回交导入系(introgression line,IL)(鲁麦14×陕旱8675)×鲁麦14(BC3F5)群体及其亲本为材料,对两种水分条件下小麦抗旱相关性状株高(PH)、穗长(SL)、单株有效分蘖(SNP)、抽穗期(DH)、穗下节长(FIL)、旗叶叶枕-穗基部长(LPSB)、相对穗下节长(RFIL)、相对旗叶叶枕-穗基部长(RLPSB)、结实小穗数(FNS)、上部不孕小穗数(SST)、下部不孕小穗数(SSB)、穗粒数(GNS)、单株产量(GWP)和千粒重(TGW)进行差异分析,揭示小麦抗旱相关性状的遗传基础。研究结果如下:对160个导入系株系14个抗旱相关性状的分析表明,在不同水分条件下,性状变异系数在0.05%~225%之间,多数性状均值偏向受体亲本鲁麦14;从性状变异范围可以看出,回交导入系群体除WW条件下的结实小穗数,DS的有效分蘖、穗粒数和单株产量外,其它性状普遍表现超双亲,但是所有性状表现均超受体亲本鲁麦14,这是从陕旱8675导入的染色体片段作用的结果。在两种水分条件下各性状的表型值除SST外均有明显差异。该群体适合进行抗旱相关性状数量遗传研究。
Increasing wheat yield is the main way to ensure food security in our country. Drought is the most important factor affecting wheat yield. Analyzing the genetic mechanism of drought-related traits in wheat and selecting near-isogenic lines of wheat with high-yielding drought-resistant traits may provide a basis for breeding high-yielding varieties. In this study, the introgression line (IL) (Lumai 14 × Shaanhan 8675) × Lumai 14 (BC3F5) populations and their parents were used to study the relationship between drought resistance-related traits in wheat under two water conditions PH, SL, SNP, DH, FIL, LPSB, RFIL ), RLPSB, FNS, SST, SSB and GNS of the flag leaf, Differences in GWP and TGW were analyzed to reveal the genetic basis of drought-related traits in wheat. The results were as follows: The analysis of 14 drought-related traits in 160 lines showed that under different water conditions, the coefficient of variation was between 0.05% and 225%, and the mean of most traits was toward the recipient parent Lumai 14; It can be seen from the variation range of the traits that except for the number of strong spikelets under WW, the effective tillers of DS, the number of grains per spike and the yield per plant of the backcross-introduced lines, the other traits generally showed superparents but all the traits exceeded The body of the parent Lumai 14, which is imported from Shaanxi drought 8675 chromosomal fragment results. Under the two water conditions, the phenotypic values of all traits except SST were significantly different. The population is suitable for genetic studies on the number of drought-related traits.