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本文基于人口普查数据和路网数据,利用空间滞后回归模型和耦合协调度模型等,对中国县域城镇化率的道路交通影响及其空间耦合协同性进行分析,研究表明:(1)中国县域低城镇化水平的县(区)主要集中在传统农区、集中连片贫困山区、高寒经济欠发达区。经济发展水平与人力资源空间上的错位,致使经济欠发达地区的人口倒挂,异地城市化特征显著;(2)中国县(区)道路交通优势度宏观上呈现出东西部区域差异和交通枢纽与外围区域的差异,“点—轴”地域结构特征显著,县域道路交通优势度数值呈现偏正态分布;(3)道路交通是城镇间和城镇与区域间联系的核心纽带和产业转型升级发展的传输廊道,开放式的道路系统增强了农村生产要素非农化转型的市场可介入性,对县域城镇化发展有积极作用。高速公路出口、火车站的布局对城镇化影响和带动农村要素非农化作用较为明显;(4)中国县域交通优势度与城镇化率耦合协调度分级分布为偏正态分布,城镇化发展与交通优势度相互影响显著,呈一定的双向耦合性。
Based on census data and road network data, this paper analyzes the impact of urbanization rate on road traffic and its spatial coupling synergy in China based on the spatial lag regression model and the coupling coordination model. The results show that: (1) The counties (districts) at the level of urbanization are mainly concentrated in traditional agricultural areas, concentrating on impoverished mountainous areas and cold-underdeveloped areas. The level of economic development and spatial dislocation of human resources have led to population inversion in economically underdeveloped areas and significant urbanization in different places. (2) The dominance of road traffic in China’s counties (districts) shows the regional differences between eastern and western regions and the transportation hubs and (3) Road traffic is the core link between cities and towns and the relationship between cities and regions and the industrial transformation and upgrading The development of transmission corridors and open road systems have enhanced the market accessibility of the non-agricultural transformation of rural production factors and played a positive role in the urbanization of the county. (4) The coupling degree of traffic dominance and urbanization rate in China’s county has a graded distribution of normal distribution, the development of urbanization and the non-agriculturalization of urban elements are more obvious; (4) The degree of traffic dominance affects each other significantly, showing a certain two-way coupling.