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目的探究影响产后盆腔脏器脱垂(POP)发生的相关产科因素。方法选取2013至2014年郑州大学第三附属医院产后康复科体检的产后6~8周的产妇1 675例,对其进行POP定量检查(POP-Q)评分,按评分结果分为POP组及对照组,对结果进行统计分析。结果单因素分析表明高血压病史、孕产次数、分娩方式、分娩时孕周、体质指数(BMI)、有无会阴侧切和会阴破裂是POP发生的影响因素(P<0.05,P<0.01);多因素分析结果提示产次多、经阴道分娩、分娩孕周≥37周、有会阴侧切和会阴破裂史是产后POP发生的独立危险因素(P均<0.01)。结论 POP是一种多因素共同作用引起的疾病,多产、经阴道分娩、分娩孕周大、有会阴侧切和会阴破裂史明显提高产后POP的发生率。
Objective To explore the related obstetric factors that influence the occurrence of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) in postpartum. Methods A total of 1 675 maternal postpartum 6-8 weeks postpartum physical examination in the postpartum rehabilitation department of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 2013 to 2014 were selected for POP-Q test. The results were divided into POP group and control group Group, the results of statistical analysis. Results Univariate analysis showed that the history of hypertension, number of pregnancies, mode of delivery, gestational age at delivery, body mass index (BMI), presence or absence of perineum and perineal rupture were the influencing factors of POP occurrence (P <0.05, P <0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that multiple births, vaginal delivery, gestational age ≥37 weeks, history of episiotomy and perineal rupture were independent risk factors for postpartum POP (all P <0.01). Conclusion POP is a multifactorial combination of diseases caused by prolonged labor, vaginal delivery, delivery gestational age, a history of episiotomy and perineal rupture significantly increased the incidence of postpartum POP.