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《论语》一书中存在着大量的矛盾,主要表现在三个方面:第一,孔子言行之间的矛盾;第二,孔子与弟子言行之间的矛盾;第三,弟子言行之间的矛盾。这些矛盾的存在是儒家内部相互讨论妥协的结果。矛盾的存在揭示着一个重要现象:《论语》是在“儒分为八”后,各流派为了防止因内讧而造成儒家衰落,并借此重新统一儒家而“相与辑而论纂”的结果。它包含的不纯粹是孔子的思想,更重要的是《论语》编者的思想。孔子只是《论语》编者的工具而已。
There are a lot of contradictions in The Analects of Confucius, mainly in three aspects: first, the contradiction between the words and deeds of Confucius; second, the contradictions between the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples; third, the contradictions between the words and deeds of disciples . These contradictions exist as a result of discussions and compromises within Confucianism. The existence of contradictions reveals an important phenomenon: After The Confucian Analects is divided into Confucianism and Eight Confucianism, the various schools in order to prevent Confucianism from falling due to internal conflicts and to reunify Confucianism, “the result of. It contains not only Confucius’s thought, but more importantly, the ”Analects" editor’s thought. Confucius is just a tool for the Analects editor.