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目的对1996至2000年全国先天性腹裂畸形的变化趋势以及流行病学特征进行分析。方法1996至2000年全国31个省、自治区、直辖市(不包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾省)的450～466所县级以上医院参加全国出生缺陷监测,监测对象为孕满28周以上出生的围产儿,最大诊断期限为生后7d。结果1996至2000年全国共监测2218616例新生婴儿,其中腹裂畸形患儿569例。全国的腹裂总发生率为2.56/万,城市的发生率为1.98/万,农村的发生率为3.93/万;男性的发生率为2.15/万,女性的发生率为2.64/万,差异均有统计学意义。1996至2000年间腹裂的发生率无上升趋势。腹裂的发生率孕母<20岁年龄组是25～29岁年龄组的5.4倍,但1996至2000年期间孕母年龄<20岁组的围产儿腹裂发生率没有出现上升趋势(P>0.05)。腹裂畸形围产期产前诊断比例为41.46%。27.44%腹裂畸形为多发畸形。围产期腹裂畸形的死亡率为74.69%。结论1996至2000年我国腹裂畸形没有出现上升趋势。孕母年龄<20岁是围产儿腹裂发生的危险因素。我国腹裂畸形围产期死亡高。
Objective To analyze the changing trend and epidemiological characteristics of congenital gas rupture in China from 1996 to 2000. Methods From 1996 to 2000, 450 to 466 hospitals at or above the county level in 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities (excluding Hong Kong, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Province) participated in the nationwide monitoring of birth defects. The monitoring targets were those born more than 28 weeks pregnant Perinatal children, the maximum diagnosis period of 7d after birth. Results From 1996 to 2000, a total of 2,218,616 newborn infants were monitored in the country, including 569 children with gastroschisis. The overall incidence of abdominal disruption in the country was 2.56 / million, the incidence in urban areas was 1.98 / million, the incidence in rural areas was 3.93 / million; the incidence of males was 2.15 / million and the incidence of females was 2.64 / There is statistical significance. There was no increase in the incidence of gastroschisis between 1996 and 2000. The incidence of gastroschisis in pregnant women <20 years of age group is 5.4 times the age group of 25-29 years, but the incidence of perinatal infants with gestational age <20 years old between 1996 and 2000 did not show an upward trend (P> 0.05). Prenatal diagnosis of perinatal malformations was 41.46%. 27.44% abdominal malformations were multiple deformities. Perinatal malformations of the rate of death was 74.69%. Conclusion There was no upward trend in our country from 1996 to 2000. Maternal age <20 years old is a risk factor for perinatal rupture. China’s perinatal malformations perinatal death high.