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四川省青川县红石河堰塞湖是2008年5月12日汶川大地震形成的34座大型堰塞湖之一,是由东河口滑坡堵塞红石河形成的。该堰塞体高度约50m、宽度约250m、顺河向长度约500m、形成的最大库容约400万m3。本文作者对红石河堰塞体做了较详尽的现场试验,包括土的冲蚀试验、土的基本物性试验等。基于现场试验数据,对土的冲蚀性和漫顶溃坝风险做了详细的分析。结果显示,从土的抗冲蚀性角度考虑,只要有水溢出就会有土体被冲蚀,这说明红石河堰塞体的漫顶溃决可能性较高。本文还提出经验公式来预测红石河堰塞体漫顶的溃决时间,大约为4.5d,如果考虑到大石块对抗冲蚀稳定性的有利影响,这一数值会增大。此外,还研究了溃决深度随时间的变化规律。
Qingchuan County, Sichuan Province Hongshi River dammed lake is May 12, 2008 Wenchuan earthquake formed 34 large dammed lake, is the East River estuary landslides blocked the formation of Hongshihe. The dam body height of about 50m, width of about 250m, along the length of about 500m, the formation of the largest storage capacity of about 4000000 m3. The author of the Hongshihe dam body made a more detailed field tests, including soil erosion test, the basic physical properties of soil test. Based on the field test data, the erosivity of soil and the risk of flood control are analyzed in detail. The results show that, from the perspective of soil erosion resistance, as long as there is water overflow there will be soil erosion, indicating that the Hongshihe dam body burst over the possibility of a higher. The empirical formula is also used to predict the overtopping time of the Hongshihe dam body, which is about 4.5 days. This value will increase if considering the beneficial effect of large stones on erosion stability. In addition, the law of the depth of the collapse over time is also studied.