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目的探讨远视儿童的高阶像差分布、影响因素及对视功能的影响。设计临床病例系列。研究对象44例(81眼)3￣13岁等效球镜+0.50￣+6.63D远视儿童。方法使用Allegretto波阵面像差仪对上述远视儿童进行波阵面像差测量分析。主要指标高阶像差及其分布,高阶主导像差、高阶像差与瞳孔大小、性别和屈光状态的关系,高阶像差与戴镜矫正视力的关系。结果在6.5mm和4.0mm瞳孔直径时,总高阶像差、3阶和4阶像差均方根值(RMSh、RMS3、RMS4)分别为(0.20±0.05)、(0.15±0.06)、(0.10±0.02)μm和(0.09±0.03)、(0.07±0.03)、(0.05±0.02)μm,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),RMSh值呈正态分布;高阶像差均以3阶像差所占比例最高,均占80.2%,主导像差以C7为最高。瞳孔从4.0mm增大到6.5mm,RMSh、RMS3、RMS4分别增加1.36、1.42、1.45倍。不同类型的高阶主导像差对戴镜矫正视力无影响(P>0.05)。RMSh值与戴镜矫正视力无相关性(P>0.05)。性别、球镜、柱镜对RMSh无显著影响(P>0.05)。结论远视儿童高阶像差分布范围宽,部分患儿RMSh值较高;高阶像差各阶及RMSh值随瞳孔增大而增加;远视患儿中高阶主导像差以垂直彗差居多;瞳孔增大时球差、彗差比率增加。(眼科,2006,15:187-190)
Objective To investigate the distribution of higher order aberrations in hyperopia children, the influencing factors and the impact on visual function. Design clinical case series. Study objects 44 cases (81 eyes) 3 ~ 13-year-old equivalent spherical + 0.50 ~ + 6.63D farsighted children. Methods Allegretto wavefront aberrometer was used to measure the wavefront aberrations of the hyperopia children. The main indicators of high-order aberrations and their distribution, higher-order dominant aberrations, higher-order aberrations and pupil size, sex and refractive status, higher order aberrations and wears glasses corrected visual acuity. Results The root mean square (RMSh, RMS3, RMS4) of the total high order aberrations, the third order and the fourth order aberrations were (0.20 ± 0.05), (0.15 ± 0.06) and 0.10 ± 0.02) μm and (0.09 ± 0.03), (0.07 ± 0.03) and (0.05 ± 0.02) μm, respectively, with statistical significance (P <0.05) The third-order aberrations accounted for the highest proportion, accounting for 80.2%, and the dominant aberration was C7. Pupil increased from 4.0mm to 6.5mm, RMSh, RMS3, RMS4 increased 1.36,1.42,1.45 times. Different types of high-end dominant aberration had no effect on wearable corrected visual acuity (P> 0.05). There was no correlation between RMSh and wearing glasses (P> 0.05). Sex, spherical, and cylinder did not affect RMSh significantly (P> 0.05). Conclusions Children with hyperopia have a wide range of high-order aberrations, and some children have higher RMSh values. Higher order aberrations and RMSh values increase with pupil dilation. Middle-high order dominant aberrations are mostly caused by vertical coma in hypermetropia children. Increasing the spherical aberration, coma ratio increased. (Ophthalmology, 2006,15: 187-190)