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采用化学气相沉积(chemical vapor deposition,CVD)厚膜金刚石刀具进行模具钢超声振动切削实验.首先阐述刀具的材质特点,观测其刀尖微观形貌和切削刃截面轮廓.然后搭建了适应精密/超精密加工需求的超声振动切削实验装置,其中激振机构可稳定实现频率42.0 kHz、振幅峰峰值8～9μm的振动输出.通过切削无氧铜实验证明该超声振动切削装置工作有效、稳定后,选用AISI 420模具钢进行切削实验,研究切削工艺条件及切削用量对加工质量的影响,得到适用于CVD厚膜金刚石刀具的切削用量选取范围,对比研究发现超声振动切削在提升加工表面质量、减少金刚石刀具磨损方面均优于常规切削.本研究可使切削模具钢时的金刚石刀具磨损VB max由500～600μm减少至40μm,模具钢表面粗糙度R a由0.93μm改善至0.09μm.本研究为金刚石刀具超声振动切削模具钢的实用化积累工艺经验,并探索提供可行的技术实现途径.
The experiment of ultrasonic vibration cutting on the die steel was carried out by CVD (thick film diamond) with chemical vapor deposition (CVD) .At first, the material characteristics of the cutter were described, and the micro-topography and the cross-section of the cutting edge were observed.Furthermore, Precision machining requirements of the ultrasonic vibration cutting experimental device, wherein the excitation mechanism can be stable to achieve the frequency of 42.0 kHz, the peak amplitude of 8 ~ 9μm vibration output by cutting oxygen-free copper experiments show that the ultrasonic vibration cutting device is effective, stable, the choice of AISI 420 die steel cutting experiments to study the cutting process conditions and cutting the amount of the impact on the quality of processing, obtained for CVD thick film diamond cutting tool selection range, the comparative study found that ultrasonic vibration cutting in improving the processing surface quality, reducing the diamond tool Wear and tear are better than the conventional cutting.The research can reduce the tool wear VBmax from 500 ~ 600μm to 40μm, the surface roughness R a of the tool steel from 0.93μm to 0.09μm.In this study, the diamond tool Ultrasonic vibration cutting mold steel practical experience in accumulation and exploration to provide Feasible way to achieve technology.