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目的 研究和探讨 p5 3和C myc基因突变在皮肤鳞状细胞癌 (SCC)和基底细胞癌 (BCC)的发生、发展中的作用。方法 采用多聚酶链反应 单链构象多态性分析 (PCR SSCP)技术检测石蜡标本中 p5 3和C myc基因突变及免疫组化方法检测C myc蛋白及突变型 p5 3基因产物的表达。 结果 3 0例SCC中 12例p5 3基因突变 ( 4 0 % )和 1例C myc基因突变 ,P5 3蛋白表达占 5 0 % ( 15 / 3 0 ) ,C myc蛋白阳性 8例 ;3 0例BCC中 6例 p5 3基因突变 ( 2 0 % )而无C myc基因突变 ;C myc蛋白仅 1例阳性 ,P5 3蛋白阳性占 43 .3 % ( 13 / 3 0 )。结论 在SCC和BCC的发生、发展过程中p5 3基因突变起重要作用 ,可能与C myc基因突变无关 ;C myc可能通过基因扩增或过度表达等途径被激活起作用。
Objective To study and investigate the role of p53 and C myc mutations in the development and progression of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Methods Polymerase chain reaction single strand conformation polymorphism analysis (PCR-SSCP) was used to detect p53 and C myc mutations in paraffin-embedded specimens and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of C myc protein and mutant p53 gene product. RESULTS: Of the 30 cases of SCC, 12 had p53 mutations (40%) and 1 had Cmyc mutations, P53 protein expression accounted for 50% (15/30), and Cmyc protein was positive in 8 cases; 30 cases. There were 6 cases of p53 gene mutation (20%) in the BCC without C myc gene mutation; only 1 case of C myc protein was positive, and P53 protein was 43. 3% (13/30). Conclusion The p53 gene mutation plays an important role in the occurrence and development of SCC and BCC, and may not be related to the mutation of C myc gene. C myc may be activated through gene amplification or overexpression.