百余年来,多数人深信以工业化为核心的现代化是通往富庶和美好生活的必由之路,这种思想当前已成为制约我国“非遗”保护工作的认识障碍。本文以一个偏远的羌人村寨阿尔村传统生活方式的现代变迁为例,在深入的实地调查基础上,结合中国近代历史,对现代化与贫富的关系进行了辨析,论证了现代化的致富功能是短期、表面的,而非长远、实质性的,还讨论了羌人传统音乐的功能。 For the past hundred years or so, most people are convinced that the modernization centered on industrialization is the only way leading to a prosperous and beautiful life. At present, this thinking has become an obstacle to understanding the protection of our country. Taking the modern vicissitudes of the traditional life style of Al village in a remote Qiang village as an example, this paper analyzes the relationship between modernization and the rich and poor on the basis of in-depth field investigations and the history of modern China, and demonstrates that the wealth-making function of modernization is Short-term, superficial, rather than long-term, substantive, also discussed the Qiang traditional music functions.