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以长江中下游地区引进的10个冬小麦品种为材料,在忻定盆地春播条件下,于2013—2014年研究了低温胁迫对冬小麦穗分化阶段光合作用、渗透调节物质及膜系统产生的影响,并对其抗寒性能进行综合评价.结果表明:在低温胁迫下,不同品种小麦叶片的离子渗漏率、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量均不同程度地升高,总叶绿素含量明显下降.通过主成分分析和抗寒性度量值(D值)排序,不同品种冬小麦幼穗分化期间的抗寒性为:渝麦10、扬麦20、云麦42的抗寒性较差;扬麦13、渝麦12、宁麦13的抗寒性较强且年际稳定性好,D值分别为0.665~0.659、0.493~0.495、0.471~0.583;而作为对照的宁2038、新春30分别为0.368~0.397、0.328~0.330.扬麦13、渝麦12、宁麦13的两年籽粒产量显著高于其他品种,可作为忻定盆地的引种材料.
Taking 10 winter wheat cultivars introduced in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River as materials, the effects of low temperature stress on photosynthesis, osmotic adjustment substances and membrane system during winter wheat spike differentiation stage were studied in the spring seeding of Xinding Basin. The results showed that under low temperature stress, the ion leakage rate, soluble sugar and soluble protein content increased with different degrees and the total chlorophyll content decreased significantly in different varieties of wheat.According to principal component analysis And cold tolerance (D value), the cold resistance of different varieties of winter wheat during spike differentiation was as follows: Yuemai 10, Yangmai 20 and Yunmai 42 had less cold resistance; Yangmai 13 and Yumai 12 , Ningmai 13 had stronger cold resistance and better interannual stability with D values of 0.665-0.665, 0.493-0.495 and 0.471-0.583, respectively. On the contrary, Ning 2038 and Xinchun 30 were 0.368-0.397 ~ 0.330. The grain yield of Yangmai 13, Yumai 12 and Ningmai 13 in the two years was significantly higher than that of other varieties and could be used as the introduction material in Xinding basin.