病毒对中枢神经系统的感染主要表现有三组症状:脑炎、脑膜炎、脊髓炎。虽然有人对此分类持有不同意见,认为根据组织病理学研究,病毒侵犯中枢神经系统远比临床所提示的广泛,因而主张把中枢神经系统病毒感染简单地分为急性与慢性脑脊髓炎两类。诚然,从病理组织分类是比较概括的,从临床表现分类不能表达病变整个范围,但临床分类对指导治疗是有意义的,因为不同的病毒对不同组织的嗜性是不同的,如乙型脑炎与人类单纯疱疹病毒倾向于损害脑实质,肠道病毒偏于侵犯脑膜,而脊髓灰质炎病 Virus infection of the central nervous system has three main manifestations of symptoms: encephalitis, meningitis, myelitis. Although some people hold different opinions about this classification, it is considered that according to the histopathological study, the virus infringes on the central nervous system much more than the clinic suggests, so it is advocated that the CNS virus infection can be simply divided into two categories: acute and chronic encephalomyelitis . It is true that the classification from pathological tissues is more generalized and the classification of clinical manifestations can not express the full extent of the lesion but the clinical classification is instructive in guiding the treatment because different viruses have different tropic to different tissues such as B Inflammation and human herpes simplex virus tend to damage the brain parenchyma, intestinal virus partial invasion of the meninges, and polio disease