以穗萌抗性水平不一的 6个不育系和 7个恢复系为亲本材料 ,采用不完全双列杂交的试验设计 ,并运用包括胚乳、细胞质和母体植株三套遗传体系的种子遗传模型及估算遗传方差分量和预测遗传效应值的统计分析方法 ,对杂交水稻种子穗萌特性的遗传效应进行了研究。结果表明 ,杂交水稻种子的穗发芽率同时受种子直接加性、种子直接显性和母体加性效应的影响 ,且以种子直接效应为主 ,不受细胞质和母体显性效应的影响。在选择育种中 ,田间穗上发芽率以单粒选为好。而穗萌指数同时受制于种子直接遗传效应、母体效应和细胞质效应 ,但母体植株中只测到显著的母体加性效应 Six male sterile lines and seven restorer lines with different spike resistance levels were used as the parents. The incomplete diallel cross was used to design the experiment. Seed genetic models including three endosperm, cytoplasmic and maternal plant genetic models And the statistical analysis method of estimating genetic variance component and predicting genetic effect value, the genetic effects of ear sprouting characteristics of hybrid rice seeds were studied. The results showed that the spikelet germination rate of hybrid rice seeds was affected by the direct additive effect of seeds, the direct dominant of seeds and the maternal additive effect, and the direct effect of seeds was the most important factor. The effects of cytoplasm and maternal dominance were not affected. In the selection of breeding, field spike germination rate as a single election as well. While the index of spike germination was also affected by the direct genetic effects of seeds, maternal effect and cytoplasmic effect, only maternal additive effects were detected in maternal plants