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交流发言摘要 法国蒙彼利埃大学 米歇尔·拉卡夫:当今世界上科技工业园和技术园已有约700—800家。截至到本世纪90年代初,科技工业园的发展可分为两个阶段:第一阶段是以美国硅谷、索菲亚科学城和剑桥科技工业园为代表的创始阶段,该阶段从学术界到商业界的技术转让是直线型的;80年代进入第二阶段,在发达国家,由于在技术创新推广和扩散的基础上对地区开发实行统一管理,科技工业园得以不断发展。现已进入到第三阶段,科技工业园在发展中国家和新兴工业化国家蓬勃发展,这些国家不再仅仅依赖廉价劳动力参与竞争,技术创新正日益成为增强竞争力的主导因素。
Exchange of Speeches Abstract University of Montpellier, France Michelle Lakoff: There are about 700-800 technology industrial parks and technology parks in the world today. As of the early 1990s, the development of science and technology industrial parks can be divided into two phases. The first phase is the founding phase represented by Silicon Valley, Sofia Science City, and Cambridge Science and Technology Industrial Park in the United States, from academic to business. The transfer of technology is linear; in the 1980s, it entered the second stage. In developed countries, the science and technology industrial park has been continuously developed due to the unified management of regional development based on the promotion and diffusion of technological innovation. Now that it has entered the third stage, science and technology industrial parks are flourishing in developing countries and newly industrialized countries. These countries no longer rely solely on cheap labor to participate in competition, and technological innovation is increasingly becoming the dominant factor in enhancing competitiveness.