目的：用荧光原位杂交（ Ｆ Ｉ Ｓ Ｈ）技术对１ 名 １１ 年前因事故性摄入氚水的病例进行染色体易位分析，并对由此估算的吸收剂量与用尿液分析和计数双着丝粒染色体估算的剂量进行比较。方法：外周血淋巴细胞由英国 Ｎ Ｒ Ｐ Ｂ 和美国 Ｌ Ｌ Ｎ Ｌ 两个实验室用不同的染色体探针组合（ Ｌ Ｌ Ｎ Ｌ为１、２、４ 号， Ｎ Ｒ Ｐ Ｂ为 ２、３、５ 号），分别进行 Ｆ Ｉ Ｓ Ｈ 分析。参照 Ｌ Ｌ Ｎ Ｌ 实验室建立的离体标准刻度曲线进行剂量估算。结果：在 Ｌ Ｌ Ｎ Ｌ，于事故后 ２ ２００ 天和 ４ ００８ 天测得易位率为每个细胞 ００４４±０００７ 和 ００４５±０００６，据此估算的剂量分别为 ０７４ ±０１４ Ｇｙ 和０７６±０１２ Ｇｙ；在 Ｎ Ｒ Ｐ Ｂ，事故后 ４ ００８ 天测得易位率为每个细胞 ００４１±０００６，相应的估算剂量为０６８±０１２ Ｇｙ。可见，两实验室测得的易位率非常一致，且不会随时间的延长而有大的变化。以上两个实验室不同时间的三个数据合并估计的易位率为每个细胞 ００４３±０００４，由此估算的剂量为 ０７２ ±００９ Ｇｙ，它与事故后短时间（５０ 天）内用双着丝点频率估算的剂量（０５８±０１０ Ｇｙ）和用尿样分 OBJECTIVE: To analyze chromosomal translocations of a case of accidental ingestion of tritiated water 11 years ago by fluorescence in situ hybridization (F I S H) technique and to analyze the dose absorbed by urine analysis and counting The estimated doses of the dicentric chromosomes were compared. Methods: Peripheral blood lymphocytes were combined by two different laboratories, NLR P B and L L N L, with different chromosome probes (L L N L = 1, 2, 4, N R P B = 2,3 , 5), respectively, F I S H analysis. Reference L L N L laboratories established in vitro calibration curve for dose estimation. RESULTS: At L L N L, the translocation rate was measured at 0044 ± 0007 and 0045 ± 0006 per cell at 2 200 days and 4 008 days after the accident, respectively. The estimated doses were 074 ± 014 Gy and 076 ± 012 Gy. At N R P B, the translocation rate was measured at 4 008 days after the accident as 0041 ± 0006 per cell. The corresponding estimated dose 0  68 ± 0  12 Gy. It can be seen that the translocation rates measured by the two laboratories are very consistent and will not change significantly with the passage of time. The combined data of the three laboratories at different times estimated the translocation rate of 0.043 ± 0.004 cells per cell. The estimated dose was 0.72 ± 0.09 Gy, which was consistent with the short time after the accident (50 days) with the dicentric frequency estimated dose (0  58 ± 0  10 Gy) and with urine samples