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目的探讨新疆7~18岁维吾尔族学生1985—2014年身高变化趋势,为提高维吾尔族中小学生健康水平提供依据。方法采用1985年、1995年、2005年和2014年4次全国学生体质与健康调研中新疆维吾尔自治区7~18岁城乡维吾尔族中小学生的身高数据进行分析。结果 1985—2014年30年间维吾尔族中小学生身高总体上呈增长趋势。城男各年龄段增长幅度为4.25~8.87 cm,乡男各年龄段增长幅度为2.02~7.87 cm,城女各年龄段增长幅度为2.39~5.80 cm,乡女各年龄段增长幅度为0.72~6.06 cm。城市男女生的增长幅度大于乡村学生。前10年的身高增长幅度最为迅速,多数年龄段差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05),后10年身高增长幅度有所放缓。结论新疆7~18岁维吾尔族中小学生身高生长水平经过30年的变化仍然保持增长,且经历了从加速增长期到增速减缓期的变化趋势。
Objective To explore the trend of height changes of Uyghur 7-18-year-old students from 1985 to 2014 in Xinjiang, and to provide basis for improving the health of Uighur primary and secondary school students. Methods The height and height data of Uyghur urban and rural primary and secondary school students from 7 to 18 years old in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were used to analyze the physical fitness and health of four national students in 1985, 1995, 2005 and 2014 respectively. Results The Uygur primary and middle school students in the 30 years from 1985 to 2014 generally showed an increasing trend. The growth rate of urban men in each age range is 4.25 ~ 8.87 cm, the growth rate of township men in all age ranges is 2.02 ~ 7.87 cm, the growth rate of urban and rural women in each age range is 2.39 ~ 5.80 cm, and the growth rate of rural women in each age range is 0.72 ~ 6.06 cm. Urban boys and girls grew more than rural students. The height growth rate of the first 10 years was the most rapid, most of the age difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), the height growth rate after 10 years has slowed down. Conclusion The height growth of Uygur schoolchildren aged 7-18 years in Xinjiang still maintained growth after 30 years of change, and experienced the trend of change from the accelerated growth period to the slowing growth period.